Fairfield County, SC
History
Fairfield County was formed in 1785 as a part of Camden District. Local legend attributes the county's name to a remark by Lord Cornwallis about the "fair fields" of the area; however, there is evidence that the name Fairfield was used to describe this part of South Carolina long before Lord Cornwallis arrived in 1780. It was settled both by Scots-Irish immigrants from colonies to the north and by English and French Huguenot planters from the lowcountry.Situated between the Broad River on the west and the Wateree River (now Lake Wateree) on the east, the area was hunting grounds for several Indian tribes.
In the colonial period this area was a center for the Regulator movement, which sought to bring law and order to the backcountry. During the Revolutionary War, Lord Cornwallis made his headquarters in Winnsboro from October of 1780 to January of 1781; the county was also invaded by General William Tecumseh Sherman's troops during the U.S. Civil War.
Source: Carolana